Neither Do I 😀😀

End to the universe ends your ideas of infinite

If the big rip or vacuum decay takes place then numbers can’t be infinite, infinity to finite

Dark Energy

Dark energy is in physical cosmology and astrology as an unknown form of energy that permeates through space making up for 68.3% of the observable universe (dark matter takes up 26.8%, only 4.9% is ordinary matter). Dark energy is currently the most accepted hypothesis to explain why the universe is expanding at an accelerated rate (if the observable universe comprised of only the ordinary matter we see, the universe would be expanding at a much slower rate than it currently is thus meaning dark matter and dark energy make up the mass for the accelerated rate of expansion). On a mass–energy equivalence basis, the density of dark energy (6.91 × 10^−27 kg/m3) is very low, much less than the density of ordinary matter or dark matter within galaxies.

Dark energy is not known to react with any of the fundamental forces other than gravity. It clearly has a large impact on the universe making up for 68.3% of universal density, only because it fills an otherwise empty space. The two current leading models are a cosmological constant and quintessence. Both models conclude that dark energy must have a negative pressure.

The effect of dark energy: a small constant negative pressure of vacuum

“We TOLD you it was hard.” “Yeah, but now that I’VE tried, we KNOW it’s hard.”

Here to Help [Explained]

Easy win for Tesla 🖖

Night x

5 things you didn’t know about...aluminium

Credit: beejung / Shutterstock

1. Despite being the third most abundant element in the Earth’s crust, aluminium is a young metal, discovered less than 200 years ago. It is now the second most used metal in the world, after iron.

2. Aluminium was named after alum, derived from the latin Alumenen, meaning ‘a bitter salt’, by Sir Humphry Davy. In 1808, Davy suggested Aluminium could be produced by electrolytic reduction from alumina (aluminium oxide), but did not manage to prove the theory in practice.

3. The first person to produce small amount of aluminium was Danish chemist Hans Christian Oersted, on 8 April 1825. However, this may not have been pure aluminium, but an alloy with the elements used in the experiments in the process of isolating the aluminium.

4. The first aluminium products are considered to be medals made during Napoléon III’s reign. Friedrich Woehler, a German chemist who improved Oersted’s isolation process, designed a rattle for Crown Prince Louis Napoléon made of aluminium and gold.

5. Aluminium is 100% recyclable. It is estimated that 75% of all aluminium ever produced, about 750 million tonnes, is still in use, and could all be recycled into new products.

Find out more about this on page 62 of the upcoming March issue of Materials World.  

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